# A-KA-RU (Agaru)

> field, estate (heading); rival the Ugaritic god Ugaru

A Linear A word in the Linear A Lexicon. The reading is a proposal and carries its tier.

- Reading: Agaru
- Confidence: Probable. Fits the word’s contexts and has a close external comparison, without an independent control.
- Root: [\*(ʾV-)g(w)ar- (or \*hugar-)/\*garh-](<https://linear-a.ai/roots/1807/index.md>) 'field, arable land'
- Kind: Administrative
- Language: Semitic
- Signs: A (a) · KA (ka) · RU (ru)
- Rank: #25 of the top 100

## Compared forms

- Ugaritic: *ugr* — ugr 'field, soil' (DULAT); DN Ugaru, paired with Gapnu as gpn-w-ugr 'Vine and Field'
- Akkadian: *ugāru* — ugāru 'open field, meadow, arable land'

## Attestations

- [HT 2](<https://linear-a.ai/texts/HT2/index.md>): A-KA-RU OLE+U 20 — field or estate heading; possibly the deified Ugaritic 'Field'
- [HT 86a](<https://linear-a.ai/texts/HT86a/index.md>): A-KA-RU — field or estate heading (section 1); possibly the deified Ugaritic 'Field'
- [HT 86b](<https://linear-a.ai/texts/HT86b/index.md>): A-KA-RU — field or estate heading; possibly the deified Ugaritic 'Field'

## Commentary

Linear A writes A-KA-RU, hence Agaru; Ugaritic supplies Ugaru (ugr II), 'Field,' paired with Gapnu ('Vine') as one of Baal's two messenger-deities (DULAT 27; KTU 1.3; 1.5). A-KA-RU heads accounts at HT 2 and HT 86a/b as a field or estate heading. Rival: a divine or cult-institutional sense, since on HT 86a its section stands beside one headed A-DU (Addu). Initial a/u: the Aegean field word is a-initial, Myc. a-ko-ro, Grk. ἀγρός, which Rendsburg sets beside Ug. ugr and Akk. ugāru as one IE–Semitic lexeme (2026, 205). Rival with initial a: ʾ-g-r 'hire', Ebla a-gàr-du, Ugarit a-ga-ru-ta 'hire contract' (GlOS 1, 12–13). Akk. ugāru is a Sumerian loan, attested at Ras Shamra and Emar (CAD U/W 27); in Old Babylonian it names an administrative unit of fields with its own overseer, UGULA A.GÀR (CAD U/W 29). See U-KA-RE.

## Same root

- [U-KA-RE](<https://linear-a.ai/lexicon/U-KA-RE/index.md>) (ʾugār)

## References

- Reading: Gordon 1966; Rendsburg 2026
- KTU: Dietrich, Manfried; Loretz, Oswald; Sanmartín, Joaquín (2013), Die keilalphabetischen Texte aus Ugarit, Ras Ibn Hani und anderen Orten / The Cuneiform Alphabetic Texts from Ugarit, Ras Ibn Hani and Other Places (KTU³). Ugarit-Verlag, Münster (Alter Orient und Altes Testament 360/1); ISBN 978-3-86835-014-2
- Gordon, Cyrus H. (1966), Evidence for the Minoan Language. Ventnor Publishers,68
- DULAT: del Olmo Lete, Gregorio; Sanmartín, Joaquín (2015), A Dictionary of the Ugaritic Language in the Alphabetic Tradition. Brill, Leiden/Boston (Handbook of Oriental Studies 1/112); Third Revised Edition, tr. and ed. Wilfred G.E. Watson; 2 parts
- CAD U/W: Oriental Institute (Martha T. Roth, ed.) (2010), The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, vol. 20, U and W. The Oriental Institute, Chicago
- GlOS 1: Sanmartín, Joaquín (2019), A Glossary of Old Syrian, Volume 1: ʔ – ḳ. Languages of the Ancient Near East 8/1,Eisenbrauns (Pennsylvania State University Press), University Park
- Rendsburg, Gary A. (2026), Across the Mediterranean: Ugaritic Words which Reached Greek and Latin. In Colasuonno, Maria Maddalena; Criscuolo, Alfredo; D'Anna, Luca; Esposito, Raffaele; Lusini, Gianfrancesco; Nicosia, Mara (eds.), Forty Years of Semitic Philology: Studies in Honour of Riccardo Contini, Offered by Friends and Colleagues on the Occasion of His Seventieth Birthday, Volume II,Series Minor CX.2; Serie Orientale Roma n.s. 57.2,UniorPress, Napoli,201–219

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Page: https://linear-a.ai/lexicon/A-KA-RU/
Licence: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cite as: di Mino, Tom. 2026. Linear A Lexicon. Plasma AI. https://linear-a.ai/. Data: kaphtor, commit 50525edd.