# I-MI-SA-RA (Il-Mīšar)

> Il-Mīšar, god of justice—theophoric compound: ʾil 'god' + Mīšaru (justice god, maqtal pattern of √y-š-r). Personnel category on sanctuary allocation tablet.

A Linear A word in the Linear A Lexicon. The reading is a proposal and carries its tier.

- Reading: Il-Mīšar
- Confidence: Probable. Fits the word’s contexts and has a close external comparison, without an independent control.
- Root: [\*yašar-](<https://linear-a.ai/roots/1446/index.md>) 'straight'
- Kind: Divine
- Language: Semitic
- Signs: I (i) · MI (mi) · SA (sa) · RA (ra)
- Rank: #65 of the top 100

## Compared forms

- Akkadian: Mīšaru (d-Mīšaru)—god of justice, son of Adad and Šala, spouse of Išartu (An = Anum III). maqtal nominal of ešēru "to be straight/just" (CAD E 352). Attested: OB theophoric names, Mari, Seleucid Uruk god-lists.
- Ugaritic: mšr—"justice, equity" (DULAT 586); KTU 1.16 vi: mšr as divine attribute
- Hebrew: מֵישָׁרִים *mêšārîm* — mêšārîm (מֵישָׁרִים) "equity, uprightness" (Ps 9:9, 58:2, 75:3); same maqtal pattern as Akkadian Mīšaru
- Phoenician: Misor (Μισωρ)—Philo of Byblos via Eusebius PE 1.10.13: father of Taautus/Thoth; paired with Sydyk (√ṣ-d-q)

## Attestations

- [HT 27a](<https://linear-a.ai/texts/HT27a/index.md>): I-MI-SA-RA 43\[ — Il-Mīšar, god of justice, heads 43[

## Commentary

HT 27a .3 I-MI-SA-RA 43[, line-initial at an intact edge, on a personnel allocation tablet headed by TI-NI-TA *307 (Tinit of the Sanctuary); the numeral meets a break, so 43 or more. I ʾi(l), MI mī, SA ša, RA r. CAD M/2 118 lists ᵈMi-šá-ru ᵈIl-mi-šá-ru (KAV 42 i 34) and the god of justice as DINGIR-lum mi-š[a-ri] (KUB 4 47 r. 8); I-MI-SA-RA writes Il-Mīšar with the coda l unwritten, as Linear B leaves a syllable-final l unwritten (ka-ko = khal-kos; Ventris and Chadwick 1956, 45). ʾil 'god' heads Amorite names written I-lī- (I-lī-ṣa-du-uq, I-lī-ma-lik; Huffmon 1965, 165); išar, the Akkadian form of √yšr, serves Amorite names as a theophorous element or divine name (I-šar-li-im; Huffmon 1965, 216), and Me-ša-rum is an Amorite name (Gelb 1980, no. 4661). With Tinit at its head in the place of Išartu, HT 27a holds both members of the Akkadian justice dyad. Rival: ʾī-Mīšar, with the interrogative ʾī 'where is' of liturgy and names: Ug. ỉy (DULAT 130) in the cultic cry ỉy ảlỉyn bʿl (KTU 1.6 IV 28–29; Pope 1977, 589); Heb. ʾÎ-kāḇôd (1 Sam 4:21; HALOT 38, s.v. III אִי); Amorite Ḥa-ya-ab-AN 'where is the father, O god' (Huffmon 1965, 128 n. 18). Weak points: one attestation, though √y-š-r runs through the libation formula (JA-SA-SA-RA-ME, 7 inscriptions); the right end of .2 is broken, and the scribe runs KI-*310 across .4–.5, so I can close a word lost there; MI-SA-RA alone then writes Mīšar (ᵈMi-šar, BRM 4 25:45; CAD M/2 118). See JA-SA-SA-RA-ME.

## Same root

- [JA-SA-SA-RA-ME](<https://linear-a.ai/lexicon/JA-SA-SA-RA-ME/index.md>) (yaššaram)
- [A-SA-SA-RA-ME](<https://linear-a.ai/lexicon/A-SA-SA-RA-ME/index.md>) (ʾaššaram)
- [JA-SA](<https://linear-a.ai/lexicon/JA-SA/index.md>) (yašar)
- [I-DA-PA₃-I-SA-RI](<https://linear-a.ai/lexicon/I-DA-PA~E2~82~83-I-SA-RI/index.md>) (ʾIdā bi-ʾišarī)
- [I-SA-RI](<https://linear-a.ai/lexicon/I-SA-RI/index.md>) (ʾišarī)
- [JA-SA-RA](<https://linear-a.ai/lexicon/JA-SA-RA/index.md>) (yašara)
- [JA-SA-SA-RA](<https://linear-a.ai/lexicon/JA-SA-SA-RA/index.md>) (yaššar-)
- [JA-SA-SA-RA-MA-NA](<https://linear-a.ai/lexicon/JA-SA-SA-RA-MA-NA/index.md>) (yaššaram=na)

## In the onomasticon

- [I-MI-SA-RA](<https://linear-a.ai/names/I-MI-SA-RA/index.md>): God or goddess, Semitic

## Related forms

- JA-SA-SA-RA (Yašarat, PROBABLE — feminine counterpart)
- A-SA-SA-RA-ME (yasaramu, CONFIRMED — abstract noun)
- TI-NI-TA (Tinitu/Tanit, CONFIRMED — heading deity on same tablet)

## References

- Reading: di Mino; DULAT; HALOT; CAD M/2; Huffmon 1965; Gelb 1980; Ventris and Chadwick 1956; Pope 1977
- KTU: Dietrich, Manfried; Loretz, Oswald; Sanmartín, Joaquín (2013), Die keilalphabetischen Texte aus Ugarit, Ras Ibn Hani und anderen Orten / The Cuneiform Alphabetic Texts from Ugarit, Ras Ibn Hani and Other Places (KTU³). Ugarit-Verlag, Münster (Alter Orient und Altes Testament 360/1); ISBN 978-3-86835-014-2
- AS 21: Gelb, Ignace J. (1980), Computer-aided Analysis of Amorite. Assyriological Studies 21,The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago
- APNM: Huffmon, Herbert B. (1965), Amorite Personal Names in the Mari Texts: A Structural and Lexical Study. The Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore
- Pope, Marvin H. (1977), Song of Songs. The Anchor Bible,7C,Doubleday
- Ventris, M. & Chadwick, J. (1956), Documents in Mycenaean Greek: Three Hundred Selected Tablets from Knossos, Pylos and Mycenae with Commentary and Vocabulary. Cambridge University Press
- CAD M/2: Oriental Institute (A. Leo Oppenheim and Erica Reiner, eds.) (1977), The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, vol. 10, M, part 2. The Oriental Institute; J. J. Augustin
- HALOT: Koehler, Ludwig; Baumgartner, Walter; Stamm, Johann Jakob; Richardson, M. E. J. (trans. and ed.) (1994), The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament, vols. I–IV. E. J. Brill, Leiden · New York · Köln
- DULAT: del Olmo Lete, Gregorio; Sanmartín, Joaquín (2015), A Dictionary of the Ugaritic Language in the Alphabetic Tradition. Brill, Leiden/Boston (Handbook of Oriental Studies 1/112); Third Revised Edition, tr. and ed. Wilfred G.E. Watson; 2 parts
- CAD E: Oriental Institute (A. Leo Oppenheim, ed.) (1958), The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, vol. 4, E. The Oriental Institute, Chicago

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Page: https://linear-a.ai/lexicon/I-MI-SA-RA/
Licence: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cite as: di Mino, Tom. 2026. Linear A Lexicon. Plasma AI. https://linear-a.ai/. Data: kaphtor, commit add28e94.