# QE-SI-ZU-E (qīši ṯuʿē)

> gift for the Heroes (construct: Amorite qīšum 'gift' + ṯuʿ 'Hero, Noble'), a recipient of wine; rival 'the noble's gift'

A Linear A word in the Linear A Lexicon. The reading is a proposal and carries its tier.

- Reading: qīši ṯuʿē
- Confidence: Speculative. A proposed reading on a word too rare to test. Most occur only once.
- Root: [\*ḳyš](<https://linear-a.ai/roots/3843/index.md>) 'to give as a present' 1, 'gift' 2, 'generous' 3 + [\*ṯVwVʕ-](<https://linear-a.ai/roots/3807/index.md>) 'noble, lord'
- Kind: Ritual
- Language: Semitic
- Signs: QE (qe) · SI (si) · ZU (zu) · E (e)

## Compared forms

- Akkadian: *qīštu* — qīštu 'gift presented to gods, votive offering' 1, 'gift, gratuity' 2; construct qí-iš-ti šarrum ana rēdîm iddinu 'the gift the king gave to a soldier' (CH §34:59); qí-ša-at ⟨UKU⟩.UŠ 'the gifts to the soldiers', in an oil issue (ARM 7 14:10) (CAD Q 276, 278)
- Amorite: qīšum, f. qīštum 'given' (Gelb 1980, glossary)
- Ugaritic: *ṯʕ* — ṯʕ (II) 'Hero, Noble', title of Kirta and of the dead, deified kings as recipients of offerings: dqt ṯʕ 'one ewe, (for) the Hero' (KTU 1.39:1); ṯʕ (I) 'offering' (KTU 1.40:24) (DULAT 879–880)
- Hebrew: *šôaʿ* — šôaʿ 'noble, eminent' (HALOT 1444)

## Attestations

- [ZA 15a](<https://linear-a.ai/texts/ZA15a/index.md>): QE-SI-ZU-E 57
- [ZA 4a](<https://linear-a.ai/texts/ZA4a/index.md>): QE-SI-ZU-E 4 — gift for the Heroes, 4 units; rival 'the noble's gift'

## Commentary

ZA 15a .2 QE-SI-ZU-E 57, the first entry under *47-KU-NA SA+VIN; with I-TI-NI-SA 10, MI-ZA-SE 3, *28B-NU-MA-RE 6 and SI-PI-KI 2½ it makes the 78½ of KU-RO VIN 78 on 15b .2 (Younger, Linear A Texts). ZA 4a .5 QE-SI-ZU-E 4, again before *28B-NU-MA-RE and SI-PI-KI. QE-SI qīši, the construct of Amorite qīšum 'given, gift' (Gelb 1980, 29) with the linking -i, as Old Babylonian qīšti in qīšti šarrum ana rēdîm iddinu 'the gift the king gave to a soldier' (CH §34:59; CAD Q 278); ZU-E ṯuʿē, ZU ṯu and E for ʿe with the guttural unwritten, as U writes ḥu in U-DE-ZA; ṯuʿ- as Akk. šuʔu beside šuwaʔu (DULAT 879). An objective genitive, as Mari qīšat ⟨UKU⟩.UŠ 'the gifts to the soldiers' in an oil issue (ARM 7 14:10; CAD Q 278): wine for the Heroes, the dead kings who receive offerings at Ugarit (DULAT 880). Rival: the subjective genitive, 'the noble's gift', the lord's present to his men. Weak point: E for the genitive, where the singular wants -i; -ē fits a dual oblique (< -ay) or a contraction. Cf. QE-SI-TE, DU-ZU-WA.

## Same root

- [U-\*34-SI](<https://linear-a.ai/lexicon/U-*34-SI/index.md>) (u-qīš)
- [DU-ZU-WA](<https://linear-a.ai/lexicon/DU-ZU-WA/index.md>) (ḏū-ṯuwāʕ)

## References

- Reading: di Mino; CAD Q; DULAT; Younger
- KTU: Dietrich, Manfried; Loretz, Oswald; Sanmartín, Joaquín (2013), Die keilalphabetischen Texte aus Ugarit, Ras Ibn Hani und anderen Orten / The Cuneiform Alphabetic Texts from Ugarit, Ras Ibn Hani and Other Places (KTU³). Ugarit-Verlag, Münster (Alter Orient und Altes Testament 360/1); ISBN 978-3-86835-014-2
- AS 21: Gelb, Ignace J. (1980), Computer-aided Analysis of Amorite. Assyriological Studies 21,The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago
- HALOT: Koehler, Ludwig; Baumgartner, Walter; Stamm, Johann Jakob; Richardson, M. E. J. (trans. and ed.) (1994), The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament, vols. I–IV. E. J. Brill, Leiden · New York · Köln
- DULAT: del Olmo Lete, Gregorio; Sanmartín, Joaquín (2015), A Dictionary of the Ugaritic Language in the Alphabetic Tradition. Brill, Leiden/Boston (Handbook of Oriental Studies 1/112); Third Revised Edition, tr. and ed. Wilfred G.E. Watson; 2 parts
- CAD Q: Oriental Institute (Erica Reiner, ed.) (1982), The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, vol. 13, Q. The Oriental Institute, Chicago; J. J. Augustin, Glückstadt

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Page: https://linear-a.ai/lexicon/QE-SI-ZU-E/
Licence: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cite as: di Mino, Tom. 2026. Linear A Lexicon. Plasma AI. https://linear-a.ai/. Data: kaphtor, commit add28e94.