# \*ʕVbur- 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 ~ \*ʕa/ibr- 5 'cross' 1, 'extend beyond (something)' 2, 'move through, pass over, by, travel (along a road)' 3, 'inundate, invade' 4, '(river) bank' 5, 'go far away' 6

A Proto-Semitic root the Linear A Lexicon's readings rest on.

- Author's gloss: to cross over, pass beyond; far bank
- SED semet 1641
- Record: https://github.com/plasma-ai/kaphtor/blob/50525edd50131a50e59ec82bf5132da0fa89efc9/wiki/semitic-roots/%CA%BF/1543_cross_1_extend_beyond_something_2_move_through_p.md

## In Linear A

- [A-PA-RA-NE](<https://linear-a.ai/lexicon/A-PA-RA-NE/index.md>) (ʿabrāne): the crosser, the one from beyond (√ʿ-b-r, the ʿApiru word); rival 'creator' (√b-r-ʾ)
- [PA-RA-NE](<https://linear-a.ai/lexicon/PA-RA-NE/index.md>) (barāne): short form of A-PA-RA-NE, 'the crosser'; rival 'creator'

## Reflexes: East Semitic

- Akkadian: ebēru 1 (water), 2 (CAD E 10)
- Eblaitic: cf. a-bar-rí-iš /ʿabar/ 5 (Sanmartín GlOS 1, 66) (gloss withheld)

## Reflexes: Northwest Semitic

- Ugaritic: ʕbr 1; mʿbr /maʿbaru/ (UVST 158) (gloss withheld)
- Phoenician: ʿbr (Krahmalkov 359) (gloss withheld)
- Hebrew: ʕbr 3 (HALOT 778), ʕäbär 5
- Syrian Aramaic: ʕbr 1, 4 (Payne Smith 398)
- Judaic Aramaic: ʿibrā (HALOT 781) (gloss withheld)
- Aramaic: ʿbr (T 237)
- Mandaic Aramaic: ʿbr (T 237)
- Amorite: ʿibirt 4: cf. month name e-bir₅-tim, ḫi-bi-ir-tim (Sanmartín GlOS 1, 66) (gloss withheld)
- Biblical Aramaic: *ʕăbar 5 (HALOT BArm. s.v. עֲבַר) (gloss withheld)

## Reflexes: Arabic

- Arabic: ʕbr [-u-] 1, 3; ʕubr- 5
- Modern Arabic: E. Yem. ʿabr (Biella 350)

## Reflexes: Epigraphic South Arabian

- Epigraphic South Arabian: ʕbr 1 (Sabaweb lemma 3313); Qat. mʕbr 5 (Ricks 1982 s.v. mʕbr) (gloss withheld)

## Reflexes: Ethiopic and Modern South Arabian

- Mehri: ʔābōr 1
- Jibbali: ʕɔ̄r 1, 6 (caus. aʕbér) JJ 6
- Soqotri: ʿbr (T 237); áˁber (SLOnline 24705) (gloss withheld)

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Page: https://linear-a.ai/roots/1543/
Licence: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cite as: di Mino, Tom. 2026. Linear A Lexicon. Plasma AI. https://linear-a.ai/. Data: kaphtor, commit 50525edd.