# \*kʷall- 'all' 1, 'to complete, make perfect' 2, 'to surround, encircle; to crown' 3

A Proto-Semitic root the Linear A Lexicon's readings rest on.

- Author's gloss: all, every, the whole; complete; crown
- SED semet 2677
- Record: https://github.com/plasma-ai/kaphtor/blob/50525edd50131a50e59ec82bf5132da0fa89efc9/wiki/semitic-roots/k/2418_all_1_to_complete_make_perfect_2_to_surround_enc.md

## In Linear A

- [KU](<https://linear-a.ai/lexicon/KU/index.md>) (kull): all, totality, everything (administrative category: miscellaneous/general allocation; section subtotal)
- [KU-RA](<https://linear-a.ai/lexicon/KU-RA/index.md>) (kulla): in all, total (accounting term), the -a form of KU-RO kull; rival a recipient
- [KU-RE-JU](<https://linear-a.ai/lexicon/KU-RE-JU/index.md>) (Kulelu): Kulelu (personal name; cf. Middle Assyrian Kulilu)
- [KU-RO](<https://linear-a.ai/lexicon/KU-RO/index.md>) (kull): total, sum (accounting term)
- [PO-TO-KU-RO](<https://linear-a.ai/lexicon/PO-TO-KU-RO/index.md>) (batkull): grandtotal (lit. 'daughter of all')

## Reflexes: East Semitic

- Akkadian: kalû 1; kullatu, OA kulu 1 (HALOT 474); kullulu 3 (HALOT 480); kilīlu 3 (CAD K 358) (gloss withheld)
- Eblaitic: gú-li-lum (var. gú-li, gú) /kulil/ 3 (Sanmartín GlOS 1, 306) (gloss withheld)

## Reflexes: Northwest Semitic

- Ugaritic: kl 1 (DULAT 432); kll 1 (CUC; DULAT 435) (gloss withheld)
- Phoenician: kl 1 (Krahmalkov 226); kll 1 (T 143) (gloss withheld)
- Hebrew: kōl 1 (HALOT 474); kll 2 (HALOT 480) (gloss withheld)
- Syrian Aramaic: kul 1 (HALOT 474; Payne Smith 214); kalel 2, 3 (Payne Smith 214) (gloss withheld)
- Punic: chyl 1 (Latin-letter Punic, Plautus, Poenulus 945) (HALOT 474); kl 1 (T 142); kll 1; kllm 1 (Krahmalkov 229) (gloss withheld)
- Amorite: kala 1 (Gelb AS 21, 22); kullu 1 (Buck 2019, 328); kll 2: kalalum, jaklil (Gelb AS 21, 23) (gloss withheld)
- Biblical Aramaic: kl 1 (HALOT 474)
- Moabite: kl 1 (DNWSI 500) (gloss withheld)
- Canaanite: Amm. kl 1 (DNWSI 500) (gloss withheld)

## Reflexes: Arabic

- Arabic: kull 1; ʔiklīl- 3 (BK 2 919); kll II, V 3 (HALOT 480) (gloss withheld)
- Pre-Islamic North Arabian: Safaitic kll 1 (Al-Jallad–Jaworska 90); kl 1; Dadanitic kll 1; Hismaic kll 1 (Al-Jallad 2026, 82) (gloss withheld)

## Reflexes: Epigraphic South Arabian

- Epigraphic South Arabian: Sab kll 1 (SD 77; Biella 247; Sabaweb lemma 1223); kl 1 (SD 77; Hadramitic, Minaic, Qatabanic, Sabaic; Sabaweb lemma 1223) (gloss withheld)

## Reflexes: Ethiopic and Modern South Arabian

- Geez: kʷǝllu 1; kallala 3 (HALOT 480) (gloss withheld)
- Soqotri: kol 1 (LGz. 281) (gloss withheld)
- Tigrinya: kʷəll-u 1 (LGz. 281); kʷällälä 3 (gloss withheld)
- Tigre: kəl 1 (LGz. 281); källa, kälkäla 3 (gloss withheld)
- Gurage: kull-əm 1 (LGz. 281)
- Amharic: hullu 1 (LGz. 281); källälä 3 (gloss withheld)
- Gafat: əl-əm 1 (LGz. 281)
- Harari: kullu- 1 (Kogan 2015, ch. 7 §2.2 no. 1) (gloss withheld)
- Mehri: kāl 1 (Kogan 2015, ch. 1 §1.2 no. 1) (gloss withheld)
- Jibbali: kɔ(h)l 1 (JL 129 apud SEDonline 2) (gloss withheld)

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Page: https://linear-a.ai/roots/2418/
Licence: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cite as: di Mino, Tom. 2026. Linear A Lexicon. Plasma AI. https://linear-a.ai/. Data: kaphtor, commit 50525edd.