# \*šakār- 'drunk' 1, 'intoxicating drink, beer' 2

A Proto-Semitic root the Linear A Lexicon's readings rest on.

- Author's gloss: to be drunk; strong drink, beer
- Record: https://github.com/plasma-ai/kaphtor/blob/50525edd50131a50e59ec82bf5132da0fa89efc9/wiki/semitic-roots/%C5%A1/K0519_drunk_1_intoxicating_drink_beer_2.md

## In Linear A

- [SA](<https://linear-a.ai/lexicon/SA/index.md>) (śakaru): beer, strong drink—logographic abbreviation of \*śakaru/\*šikaru; commodity logogram, compounded with VIN

## Notes

Kaufman 1974, 59 n. 135 takes Akkadian šikāru as cognate with Aramaic škr and Hebrew šēkār, not a loan. Arabic sakar 'wine; anything that intoxicates' (Lane 1391; HALOT 1501) is another formation, originally the verbal noun (Lane 1391). Greek σίκερα is from the Semitic word (HALOT 1501).

## Reflexes: East Semitic

- Akkadian: šakāru 1 (AHw 1139); šikaru 2 (CAD Š/2 420; AHw 1232); šikāru(m), šikru(m) 2 (HALOT 1501) (gloss withheld) [Anderson–Moser 2024 root škr]

## Reflexes: Northwest Semitic

- Aramaic: ŠKR 1 (Aramaic Root Atlas; CAL s.v. škr); EmpArm. škr 2 (HALOT 1501); CPArm. škr 2 (HALOT 1501) (gloss withheld) [Anderson–Moser 2024 root škr]
- Hebrew: šakar 1 (BDB 1016); šēkār 2 (HALOT 1501) (gloss withheld) [Anderson–Moser 2024 root škr]
- Judaic Aramaic: šikrā 2 (HALOT 1501) (gloss withheld)
- Syrian Aramaic: šakrā 2 (HALOT 1501; Payne Smith 577; SEDRA 3202) (gloss withheld)
- Mandaic Aramaic: šakra 2 (HALOT 1501) (gloss withheld)
- Ugaritic: škr (DULAT 804) (gloss withheld) [Anderson–Moser 2024 root škr]

## Reflexes: Arabic

- Arabic: sakira 'drunk' (Lane 1390)

## Reflexes: Ethiopic and Modern South Arabian

- Geez: sakra, sĕkūr (HALOT 1489, 1500) (gloss withheld)
- Tigre: šākĕr (HALOT 1489); šäkra (LGz. 497) (gloss withheld)
- Soqotri: sekir (LGz. 497)
- Tigrinya: säḵärä (LGz. 497)
- Amharic: säkkärä (LGz. 497)
- Gurage: säkärä (LGz. 497)
- Harari: säxära [LHar 139] (gloss withheld)
- Mehri: sīkər (Kogan 2011, 241)
- Jibbali: sékər (Kogan 2011, 241)

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Page: https://linear-a.ai/roots/K0519/
Licence: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cite as: di Mino, Tom. 2026. Linear A Lexicon. Plasma AI. https://linear-a.ai/. Data: kaphtor, commit 50525edd.