# KN Zc 7 A Linear A document: inked inscription from Knossos. - Site: Knossos - Object: Inked inscription - Period: MM III? - Findspot: Knossos, upper MM III floor above the Basement of the Monolithic Pillars, with KN Zc 6 (Evans, PoM I 587–588, 616) - Edition: [GORILA IV]() - In 3D: [KN Zc 7]() ## Text 1. A-KA-NU-ZA-TI [DU-RA-RE]() [A-ZU-RA]() 2. JA-SA-RA-A-NA-NE WI-PI-\[?\] ## Translation - Tier: Candidate - Status: complete This bowl, a dove—O Athirat, righteous is (thy) grace … ## Word by word | Word | Reading | Gloss | Tier | |---|---|---|---| | [A-KA-NU]() | ʾagānu | bowl (self-referential vessel label) | Confirmed | | [ZA-TI]() | zāt | this (f.sg. demonstrative) | Candidate | | [DU-RA-RE]() | durār | dove (offering bird) | Probable | | [A-ZU-RA]() | ʾAṯirat | Athirat (the Goddess) | Candidate | | [JA-SA-RA]() | yašara | righteous is | Candidate | | [A-NA-NE]() | ḥanān | favor, grace | Candidate | | WI-PI-\[?\] | | unread | | ## Commentary Context: ritual text painted inside a mended short conical cup; no numerals. GORILA IV, 125 begins directly with complete A-KA-NU-ZA-TI and marks no opening lacuna, so there is no positive evidence for a lost word before A-KA-NU. Gordon segments that continuous group as A-KA-NU | ZA-TI. ZA-TI may be /zāt/ 'this' (historically perhaps /zāʾt/), with TI spelling final /t/ and a nonphonemic support vowel. Hebrew zō(ʾ)t supplies the lexical parallel. Phoenician ʾGN is feminine, and FK D 35 hʾgn hz 'this bowl' supplies the closest structural parallel (Krahmalkov 2000, 31). Its postposed Semitic order is rendered naturally in English as 'this bowl.' The rival /ḏāti/ 'of' fits less well: its final /i/ is a live genitive ending, and the agreement frame it needs is absent. The segmentation remains CANDIDATE: ZA-TI is a hapax, SigLA reads ZE rather than ZA, and final TI = /t/ is not independently established. DU-RA-RE is durār 'dove', Hebrew dərôr, a bird (HALOT, 230), the offering a votary holds out beside the Knossian Dove Goddess (Evans, PoM II 337, 339); the cups lay above the crypt of the dove vase (PoM I 587). A Nabataean inscription from Petra begins [d]nh ʾgnʾ dy qrb, 'This is the basin which ... offered,' and proceeds to the deity and bšlm šlm, 'in peace, peace' (CIS II 423b; Milik 1972, 109; Alpass 2013, 102 no. 16); it supports the vessel–deity–blessing frame but contains an explicit dedication verb. JA-SA-RA | A-NA-NE puts the predicate first, as kî-yāšār dəbar-YHWH 'for righteous is the word of YHWH' (Ps 33:4) and kî-yāšār YHWH (Ps 92:16). The final group is WI-PI-[·] (GORILA IV, 125), one sign lost after PI. Not readable. ## Epigraphic note GORILA IV, 122–125 begins the diplomatic transcription with complete A-KA-NU-ZA-TI and marks no opening lacuna; there is no positive evidence for a lost word before A-KA-NU. Gordon segments A-KA-NU | ZA-TI, provisionally /ʾagānu zāt/, 'this bowl.' The closest inscriptional vessel formula is Nabataean [d]nh ʾgnʾ dy qrb, 'This is the basin which ... offered,' followed by a deity and bšlm šlm, 'in peace, peace' (CIS II 423b; Milik 1972, 109; Alpass 2013, 102 no. 16). Safaitic f h lt s¹lm w h bʿls¹mn rwḥ, 'O Allāt [grant] security and O Baalshamin [grant] relief,' supplies a structural parallel for an omitted petition verb after the divine invocation (OCIANA AAEK 123 = ASFF 246). DU-RA-RE is durār 'dove', Hebrew I דְּרוֹר, a bird (HALOT, 230), the offering of the Knossian Dove Goddess's votary (Evans, PoM II 337, 339). The mended cup is damaged at the end of the final group: WI and PI are readable, followed by an unidentifiable terminal trace or lost continuation. Record the group as WI-PI-[…]; whether the missing element was another sign or a divider cannot be determined. ## Lexicon entries - [A-KA-NU]() (ʾagānu): cup, bowl. Confirmed. - [DU-RA-RE]() (durār): dove, swallow (offering bird). Probable. - [A-ZU-RA]() (ʾAṯirat): Athirat (divine name: the Goddess). Candidate. - [A-NA-NE]() (ḥanān): grace, favor. Candidate. - [JA-SA-RA]() (yašara): righteous is (predicate before A-NA-NE ḥanān 'grace'). Candidate. - [ZA-TI]() (zāt): this (f.sg. demonstrative). Candidate. ## Images [The document in SigLA](https://sigla.phis.me/document/KN%20Zc%207/) (drawing and photographs, © École française d’Athènes). ## References - Milik, Joseph Thadée (1972), Recherches d'épigraphie proche-orientale I. Dédicaces faites par des dieux (Palmyre, Hatra, Tyr) et des thiases sémitiques à l'époque romaine. Paul Geuthner, Paris - Alpass, Peter (2013), The Religious Life of Nabataea. Brill - Krahmalkov: Krahmalkov, Charles R. (2000), A Phoenician-Punic Dictionary. Peeters (Leuven) - HALOT: Koehler, Ludwig; Baumgartner, Walter; Stamm, Johann Jakob; Richardson, M. E. J. (trans. and ed.) (1994), The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament, vols. I–IV. E. J. Brill, Leiden · New York · Köln - GORILA IV: Godart, Louis; Olivier, Jean-Pierre (1982), Recueil des inscriptions en linéaire A, volume 4: Autres documents (GORILA IV). École française d'Athènes (Études crétoises XXI, 4); Librairie orientaliste Paul Geuthner, Paris - PoM I: Evans, Arthur J. (1921), The Palace of Minos: A Comparative Account of the Successive Stages of the Early Cretan Civilization as Illustrated by the Discoveries at Knossos. Volume I: The Neolithic and Early and Middle Minoan Ages. I,Macmillan and Co., Limited, London - PoM II: Evans, Arthur J. (1928), The Palace of Minos: A Comparative Account of the Successive Stages of the Early Cretan Civilization as Illustrated by the Discoveries at Knossos. Volume II, Part I: Fresh Lights on Origins and External Relations: The Restoration in Town and Palace after Seismic Catastrophe towards Close of M. M. III, and the Beginnings of the New Era. II.1,Macmillan and Co., Limited, London --- Page: https://linear-a.ai/texts/KNZc7/ Licence: CC BY 4.0 for the translations and commentary; the corpus keeps its sources’ terms, SigLA’s records CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 Cite as: di Mino, Tom. 2026. Linear A Lexicon. Plasma AI. https://linear-a.ai/. Data: kaphtor, commit 50525edd.