# \*ʾarVk-: 'long' 1, 'length' 2

> Proto-Semitic *ʾarVk-, 'long' 1, 'length' 2: reflexes in 21 language(s).

A page of the Linear A Lexicon's research wiki, in [Wiki](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/index.md>) › [Kaphtor Semitic Roots](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/index.md>) › [ʾ](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/alef/index.md>). Updated 2026-10-26.

## Root

| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Reconstruction | \*ʾarVk- |
| Meaning | 'long' 1, 'length' 2 |
| Basis | reconstruction SED; meaning SED, corrected |
| SED | SEDonline semet 3041 |

## Reflexes

| Language | Form | Sources | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Akkadian | arāku; urku 2 (CAD U/W 231) | CAD U/W 231 | gloss withheld |
| Ugaritic | ʾrk (CUC; DULAT 98); ʾurk 2 (DULAT 99) | CUC; DULAT 98; DULAT 99 | gloss withheld |
| Phoenician | ʾrk (Krahmalkov 72); ʾrk 2 (T 30) | Krahmalkov 72; T 30 | gloss withheld |
| Punic | ʾrk (Krahmalkov 72); ʾrk 2 (T 30) | Krahmalkov 72; T 30 | gloss withheld |
| Hebrew | ʔārōk; ʾōrek 2 (HALOT 88) | HALOT 88 | gloss withheld |
| Biblical Aramaic | ʾarkā 2 (T 30) | T 30 | gloss withheld |
| Aramaic | Pal. ʔryk (DJPA 74b apud CAL); ʾRK (Aramaic Root Atlas; DNWSI 108) | DJPA 74b; CAL; Aramaic Root Atlas; DNWSI 108 | gloss withheld |
| Syrian Aramaic | ʔarrīk- (Kogan 2015, ch. 4 §3.1.2 no. 49); ʾerak, yīrek; pass. part. ʾarrīk (Payne Smith 29); ʾarrīkūtā 2 (Payne Smith 28) | Kogan 2015 ch. 4 §3.1.2 no. 49; Payne Smith 29; Payne Smith 28 | gloss withheld |
| Mandaic Aramaic | aruk- (MD 37) | MD 37 |  |
| Modern Aramaic | Urm yarīk- |  |  |
| Tigre | räyim |  |  |
| Amharic | räǯim |  |  |
| Argobba | räz̀z̀im |  |  |
| Gafat | gaddärmä |  |  |
| Mehri | ṭǝwīl |  |  |
| Jibbali | rihm |  |  |
| Soqotri | riyyom |  |  |
| Arabic | ʾaraka (HALOT 88) | HALOT 88 | gloss withheld |
| Epigraphic South Arabian | ʾrkn (HALOT 88) | HALOT 88 | gloss withheld |
| Amorite | ʾarkūt 2 (Sanmartín GlOS 1, 40); /ʾaruk/ 1: name a-ru-ku (Sanmartín GlOS 1, 39) | Sanmartín GlOS 1, 40; Sanmartín GlOS 1, 39 | gloss withheld |
| Eblaitic | /ʾ-r-k/ 1: names i-rí-gu/gú(-ú), i-rí-gúm/gu-um, i-rí-ig-gú-nu (Sanmartín GlOS 1, 39) | Sanmartín GlOS 1, 39 | gloss withheld |

A form keeps its source's gloss only when the source is public domain or openly licensed.

## Notes

Initial-ʾ √ʾrk 'long' is a different root from initial-ʿ √ʿrk 'valuation, arrangement'. HALOT 88 compares Eth. arga 'to grow old' (VG 1:163) under ארך; Leslau calls the link with ʾrk 'be long' unlikely (LGz. 37, s.v. ʾaraga 'be old'). g for k is irregular. SED lists each language's word for 'long': Tigre räyim, Amharic räǯim, Argobba räz̀z̀im, Jibbali rihm and Soqotri riyyom belong to \*rVyVm- 'be high, long' (1135), and Mehri ṭǝwīl to \*ṭwl (2508). Krebernik 1988, 49 takes the -gu of i-rí-gu (beside i-rí-ig) as pointing to final q rather than k, which speaks against ʾ-r-k 'to be long'.

## Linked from

- [ʾ](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/alef/index.md>)

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Page: https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/alef/1081_long_1_length_2/
Licence: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cite as: di Mino, Tom. 2026. Linear A Lexicon. Plasma AI. https://linear-a.ai/. Data: kaphtor, commit add28e94.