# \*ʾVyVb-: 'enemy'

> Proto-Semitic *ʾVyVb-, 'enemy': reflexes in 6 language(s).

A page of the Linear A Lexicon's research wiki, in [Wiki](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/index.md>) › [Kaphtor Semitic Roots](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/index.md>) › [ʾ](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/alef/index.md>). Updated 2026-10-22.

## Root

| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Reconstruction | \*ʾVyVb- |
| Meaning | 'enemy' |
| Basis | project |

## Reflexes

| Language | Form | Sources | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hebrew | ʾoyeb 'enemy' | Anderson–Moser 2024 root ʾyb |  |
| Punic | ʾb; Neo-Punic ab; aab (Krahmalkov 27) | Krahmalkov 27; Anderson–Moser 2024 root ʾyb | gloss withheld |
| Ugaritic | ib 'enemy' | Anderson–Moser 2024 root ʾyb |  |
| Akkadian | ayyābu, ayyabtu (HALOT 38) | HALOT 38 |  |
| Canaanite | ibi (HALOT 38) | HALOT 38 |  |
| Phoenician | ʾb, in ʾby and ʾbn (Krahmalkov 27) | Krahmalkov 27 | gloss withheld |

A form keeps its source's gloss only when the source is public domain or openly licensed.

## Linked from

- [ʾ](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/alef/index.md>)

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Page: https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/alef/K0605_enemy/
Licence: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cite as: di Mino, Tom. 2026. Linear A Lexicon. Plasma AI. https://linear-a.ai/. Data: kaphtor, commit add28e94.