# \*ʿVmVl-: 'work, labour; earn'

> Proto-Semitic *ʿVmVl-, 'work, labour; earn': reflexes in 8 language(s).

A page of the Linear A Lexicon's research wiki, in [Wiki](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/index.md>) › [Kaphtor Semitic Roots](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/index.md>) › [ʿ](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/ayin/index.md>). Updated 2026-10-22.

## Root

| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Reconstruction | \*ʿVmVl- |
| Meaning | 'work, labour; earn' |
| Basis | project |

## Reflexes

| Language | Form | Sources | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arabic | ʕamila 'worked' (Lane 2158) | Lane 2158; Anderson–Moser 2024 root ʿml |  |
| Aramaic | ʿML (Aramaic Root Atlas; CAL s.v. ʿml) | Aramaic Root Atlas; CAL s.v. ʿml; Anderson–Moser 2024 root ʿml | gloss withheld |
| Hebrew | ʿamal 'labour' | Anderson–Moser 2024 root ʿml |  |
| Ugaritic | ʿml 'earn' | Anderson–Moser 2024 root ʿml |  |
| Syrian Aramaic | ʕmal 'labour, toil; weary' (Payne Smith 417) | Payne Smith 417 |  |
| Judaic Aramaic | JBA ʕamlā (DJBA 870 apud SEDonline 1391) | DJBA 870; SEDonline 1391 | gloss withheld |
| Epigraphic South Arabian | Sab ʿml (Biella 371); probably a misreading of ʿḏb (Sabaweb lemma 10234) | Biella 371; Sabaweb lemma 10234 | gloss withheld |
| Akkadian | nēmelu (HALOT 845) | HALOT 845 |  |

A form keeps its source's gloss only when the source is public domain or openly licensed.

## Linked from

- [ʿ](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/ayin/index.md>)

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Page: https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/ayin/K0637_work_labour_earn/
Licence: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cite as: di Mino, Tom. 2026. Linear A Lexicon. Plasma AI. https://linear-a.ai/. Data: kaphtor, commit add28e94.