# \*hmm: 'to throw into confusion, disturb'

> Proto-Semitic *hmm, 'to throw into confusion, disturb': reflexes in 4 language(s).

A page of the Linear A Lexicon's research wiki, in [Wiki](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/index.md>) › [Kaphtor Semitic Roots](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/index.md>) › [H](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/h/index.md>). Updated 2026-11-04.

## Root

| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Reconstruction | \*hmm |
| Meaning | 'to throw into confusion, disturb' |
| Basis | project |

## Reflexes

| Language | Form | Sources | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hebrew | המם; nif. (HALOT 251) | HALOT 251 | gloss withheld |
| Judaic Aramaic | hmm (HALOT 251) | HALOT 251 | gloss withheld |
| Arabic | hamma (HALOT 251) | HALOT 251 | gloss withheld |
| Pre-Islamic North Arabian | Safaitic ʾhm; Dhofari ʾhmm (Al-Jallad 2026, 61) | Al-Jallad 2026 61 | gloss withheld |

A form keeps its source's gloss only when the source is public domain or openly licensed.

## Linked from

- [H](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/h/index.md>)

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Page: https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/h/4177_to_throw_into_confusion_disturb/
Licence: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cite as: di Mino, Tom. 2026. Linear A Lexicon. Plasma AI. https://linear-a.ai/. Data: kaphtor, commit add28e94.