# \*ḫpṯ: 'member of a lower social class; freedman, free'

> Proto-Semitic *ḫpṯ, 'member of a lower social class; freedman, free': reflexes in 6 language(s).

A page of the Linear A Lexicon's research wiki, in [Wiki](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/index.md>) › [Kaphtor Semitic Roots](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/index.md>) › [ḫ](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/kha/index.md>). Updated 2026-10-28.

## Root

| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Reconstruction | \*ḫpṯ |
| Meaning | 'member of a lower social class; freedman, free' |
| Basis | project |

## Reflexes

| Language | Form | Sources | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Akkadian | ḫupšu A | CAD Ḫ 241–242 | gloss withheld |
| Ugaritic | ḫpṯ; ḫpṯt (DULAT 396–397) | DULAT 396–397 | gloss withheld |
| Hebrew | ḥopšî (HALOT 341) | HALOT 341 | gloss withheld |
| Emar | ḫu-up-šu /ḥupθū/ (Pentiuc 2001, 78) | Pentiuc 2001 78 | gloss withheld |
| Amorite | ḫupṯ: ḫu-up-šum; ḫu-un-ḫu-up-še (Ur III) (Sanmartín GlOS 1, 267) | Sanmartín GlOS 1, 267 | gloss withheld |
| Phoenician | ḥpš (DNWSI 397) | DNWSI 397 | gloss withheld |

A form keeps its source's gloss only when the source is public domain or openly licensed.

## Notes

DULAT 396 sets Akkadian ḫupšu, Emar ḫuptu 'free men, countrymen', Hebrew ḥopšî 'set free' and Phoenician ḥpš 'freedman' (DNWSI 397 apud DULAT 396) beside the Ugaritic. CAD Ḫ 241 gives the word from OA and OB on, with the Hurrian plural ḫupšena at Alalakh. HALOT 341 calls the Akkadian 'a person halfway between a serf and a freeman, often soldiers', and HALOT 342 sets Hebrew bêt haḥopšît (2K 15:5) beside Ugaritic bt ḫpṯt. Not K0742 \*ḥVr- 'free'.

## Linked from

- [ḫ](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/kha/index.md>)

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Page: https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/kha/3735_member_of_a_lower_social_class_freedman_free/
Licence: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cite as: di Mino, Tom. 2026. Linear A Lexicon. Plasma AI. https://linear-a.ai/. Data: kaphtor, commit add28e94.