# \*nVkVl-: 'have ill intentions, be perfidious' 1, 'teach a lesson' 2

> Proto-Semitic *nVkVl-, 'have ill intentions, be perfidious' 1, 'teach a lesson' 2: reflexes in 5 language(s).

A page of the Linear A Lexicon's research wiki, in [Wiki](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/index.md>) › [Kaphtor Semitic Roots](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/index.md>) › [N](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/n/index.md>). Updated 2026-10-22.

## Root

| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Reconstruction | \*nVkVl- |
| Meaning | 'have ill intentions, be perfidious' 1, 'teach a lesson' 2 |
| Basis | SED |
| SED | SEDonline semet 1844 |

## Reflexes

| Language | Form | Sources | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arabic | nkl 2 |  |  |
| Akkadian | nakālu 1 (CAD N/1 155); nikiltu 1 (CAD N/2 220) | CAD N/1 155; CAD N/2 220 | gloss withheld |
| Hebrew | nkl 1 |  |  |
| Aramaic | nkl 1 |  |  |
| Syrian Aramaic | nkel 'to deceive, defraud, betray' 1; nkīlūtā 'cunning, wiliness, deceit' 1 (Payne Smith 339) | Payne Smith 339 |  |

A form keeps its source's gloss only when the source is public domain or openly licensed.

## Linked from

- [N](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/n/index.md>)

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Page: https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/n/1721_have_ill_intentions_be_perfidious_1_teach_a_less/
Licence: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cite as: di Mino, Tom. 2026. Linear A Lexicon. Plasma AI. https://linear-a.ai/. Data: kaphtor, commit add28e94.