# \*ḳšḥ: 'to treat harshly, harden'

> Proto-Semitic *ḳšḥ, 'to treat harshly, harden': reflexes in 4 language(s).

A page of the Linear A Lexicon's research wiki, in [Wiki](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/index.md>) › [Kaphtor Semitic Roots](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/index.md>) › [Q](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/q/index.md>). Updated 2026-10-22.

## Root

| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Reconstruction | \*ḳšḥ |
| Meaning | 'to treat harshly, harden' |
| Basis | project |

## Reflexes

| Language | Form | Sources | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hebrew | qšḥ (HALOT 1153) | HALOT 1153 | gloss withheld |
| Arabic | qasaḥa (Lane 2522); qasaḥa (HALOT 1153) | Lane 2522; HALOT 1153 | gloss withheld |
| Epigraphic South Arabian | Sab qšḥ (HALOT 1153); qs1ḥ (SD 108) (Biella 462; Sabaweb lemma 4796) | HALOT 1153; SD 108; Biella 462; Sabaweb lemma 4796 | gloss withheld |
| Punic | qšḥ (B 407) | B 407 | gloss withheld |

A form keeps its source's gloss only when the source is public domain or openly licensed.

## Notes

Not K0324 \*qVšVy- 'severe'.

## Linked from

- [Q](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/q/index.md>)

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Page: https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/q/3130_to_treat_harshly_harden/
Licence: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cite as: di Mino, Tom. 2026. Linear A Lexicon. Plasma AI. https://linear-a.ai/. Data: kaphtor, commit add28e94.