# \*šbʿ: 'to swear, adjure'

> Proto-Semitic *šbʿ, 'to swear, adjure': reflexes in 3 language(s).

A page of the Linear A Lexicon's research wiki, in [Wiki](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/index.md>) › [Kaphtor Semitic Roots](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/index.md>) › [š](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/shin/index.md>). Updated 2026-10-26.

## Root

| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Reconstruction | \*šbʿ |
| Meaning | 'to swear, adjure' |
| Basis | project |

## Reflexes

| Language | Form | Sources | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Judaic Aramaic | ʾištᵉbaʿ, ʾištabbaʿ (Klein s.v. שׁבע ᴵᴵ); šbwʕh (DNWSI 1100) | Klein s.v. שׁבע ᴵᴵ; DNWSI 1100 | gloss withheld |
| Hebrew | nišbaʿ (OLA80 §35.34); šǝbûʿâ (HALOT 1384) | OLA80 §35.34; HALOT 1384 | gloss withheld |
| Punic | Neo-Punic šbʿt (T 312) | T 312 | gloss withheld |

A form keeps its source's gloss only when the source is public domain or openly licensed.

## Notes

OLA80 §35.34. Denominative verbal formations from the numeral šabʿ- 'seven' — due to use in spells and conjurations. Palaeosyrian D-stem = adjuring; Hebrew Hiphil = adjure; Hebrew Niphal = to swear. OA confirms initial š: ᵈSi-bī = ši/še (deified Seven); OA ša-be. Later AB sebe/seba from š&gt;s. MSA: Mehri hōba, Soqotri yhobəʿ (š&gt;h/yh). Denominative verb: Palaeosyrian D-stem šibba 'adjure!'; Heb Hiphil hišbīʿa 'to adjure'; Heb Niphal nišbaʿ 'to swear' (Lipiński OLA80 §35.12, §35.34). The numeral is K0509.

## Linked from

- [š](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/shin/index.md>)

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Page: https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/shin/S105_to_swear_adjure/
Licence: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cite as: di Mino, Tom. 2026. Linear A Lexicon. Plasma AI. https://linear-a.ai/. Data: kaphtor, commit add28e94.