# \*śVhVd-: 'bear witness'

> Proto-Semitic *śVhVd-, 'bear witness': reflexes in 7 language(s).

A page of the Linear A Lexicon's research wiki, in [Wiki](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/index.md>) › [Kaphtor Semitic Roots](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/index.md>) › [ś](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/sin/index.md>). Updated 2026-10-22.

## Root

| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Reconstruction | \*śVhVd- |
| Meaning | 'bear witness' |
| Basis | project |

## Reflexes

| Language | Form | Sources | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Epigraphic South Arabian | s²hd (SD 132) (Sabaweb lemma 5074) | SD 132; Sabaweb lemma 5074 | gloss withheld |
| Arabic | šhd (QAC شهد; Kogan 2015, ch. 6 §4 no. 11) | QAC شهد; Kogan 2015 ch. 6 §4 no. 11 | gloss withheld |
| Aramaic | šhd, shd, śāhădī (HALOT 1311); šhdw (DNWSI 1113) | HALOT 1311; DNWSI 1113 | gloss withheld |
| Syrian Aramaic | shed 'witness, testify; be martyred' (Payne Smith 362) | Payne Smith 362 |  |
| Biblical Aramaic | sāhădūtā (HALOT 1985 apud SEDonline 336) | HALOT 1985; SEDonline 336 | gloss withheld |
| Judaic Aramaic | shd (Kogan 2015, ch. 6 §4 no. 11) | Kogan 2015 ch. 6 §4 no. 11 | gloss withheld |
| Pre-Islamic North Arabian | Safaitic śhdt (Al-Jallad 2026, 139) | Al-Jallad 2026 139 | gloss withheld |

A form keeps its source's gloss only when the source is public domain or openly licensed.

## Linked from

- [ś](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/sin/index.md>)

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Page: https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/sin/2890_bear_witness/
Licence: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cite as: di Mino, Tom. 2026. Linear A Lexicon. Plasma AI. https://linear-a.ai/. Data: kaphtor, commit add28e94.