# \*ṭVpVl-: 'smear, soil' 1, 'slander, scorn' 2

> Proto-Semitic *ṭVpVl-, 'smear, soil' 1, 'slander, scorn' 2: reflexes in 7 language(s).

A page of the Linear A Lexicon's research wiki, in [Wiki](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/index.md>) › [Kaphtor Semitic Roots](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/index.md>) › [ṭ](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/tet/index.md>). Updated 2026-10-22.

## Root

| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Reconstruction | \*ṭVpVl- |
| Meaning | 'smear, soil' 1, 'slander, scorn' 2 |
| Basis | project |

## Reflexes

| Language | Form | Sources | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hebrew | ṭāpal (Ps 119:69, Job 13:4) (HALOT 378) | HALOT 378 | gloss withheld |
| Judaic Aramaic | ṭpl (HALOT 378) | HALOT 378 | gloss withheld |
| Syrian Aramaic | ṭpīlā 'defiled, corrupt'; ṭpīlūtā 'corruption of manners, depravity' (Payne Smith 180) | Payne Smith 180 |  |
| Akkadian | ṭapālu (AHw 1379); ṭaplu; ṭiplu, ṭuplu (CAD Ṭ 47, 49, 112, 126) | AHw 1379; CAD Ṭ 47, 49, 112, 126 | gloss withheld |
| Arabic | ṭufāl (HALOT 378) | HALOT 378 | gloss withheld |
| Soqotri | ṭéfoḷ (SLOnline 7389) | SLOnline 7389 | gloss withheld |
| Eblaitic | ṭá-pá-lum /ṭ-p-l/ 2 (= Sum. LÚxKÁR) (Sanmartín GlOS 2, 310) | Sanmartín GlOS 2, 310 | gloss withheld |

A form keeps its source's gloss only when the source is public domain or openly licensed.

## Notes

HALOT 378 joins Akk. ṭapālu ('to soil, abuse') and Arb. ṭufāl 'dirt, clay' to Heb. ṭpl, an alternative form of tpl. Cf. 145 \*tVpVl- 'to spit', another root.

## Linked from

- [ṭ](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/tet/index.md>)

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Page: https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/tet/3000_smear_soil_1_slander_scorn_2/
Licence: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cite as: di Mino, Tom. 2026. Linear A Lexicon. Plasma AI. https://linear-a.ai/. Data: kaphtor, commit add28e94.