# \*ṭnp: 'to become dirty; to soil'

> Proto-Semitic *ṭnp, 'to become dirty; to soil': reflexes in 4 language(s).

A page of the Linear A Lexicon's research wiki, in [Wiki](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/index.md>) › [Kaphtor Semitic Roots](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/index.md>) › [ṭ](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/tet/index.md>). Updated 2026-10-26.

## Root

| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Reconstruction | \*ṭnp |
| Meaning | 'to become dirty; to soil' |
| Basis | project |

## Reflexes

| Language | Form | Sources | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Akkadian | ṭanāpu, D ṭunnupu (CAD Ṭ 46; AHw 1379) | CAD Ṭ 46; AHw 1379 | gloss withheld |
| Hebrew | ṭnp pi. (HALOT 377) | HALOT 377 | gloss withheld |
| Judaic Aramaic | ṭnp pa. (HALOT 377) | HALOT 377 | gloss withheld |
| Syrian Aramaic | ṭannep pa. 'to profane, pollute, defile' (Payne Smith 177); ṭnep 'defiled, polluted, impure, filthy, foul' (Payne Smith 177); ṭūnāpā 'pollution, defilement' (Payne Smith 169) | Payne Smith 177; Payne Smith 169 |  |

A form keeps its source's gloss only when the source is public domain or openly licensed.

## Notes

Akk. ṭanāpu is Emar, SB and NB, with lexical ṭunnupu (A V/1:66) and ṭanīpu 'spoiled dates' (Hh. XXIV 253) (CAD Ṭ 46–47). HALOT 377 marks the Hebrew '? Arm. lw.' (Wagner 115). Arabic ṭanafa II is from Aramaic (Fraenkel 23 apud HALOT 377). SA100 \*ṭnp 'kind of incense' is another root; cf. 3000 \*ṭVpVl- 'smear, soil'.

## Linked from

- [ṭ](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/tet/index.md>)

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Page: https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/tet/3601_to_become_dirty_to_soil/
Licence: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cite as: di Mino, Tom. 2026. Linear A Lexicon. Plasma AI. https://linear-a.ai/. Data: kaphtor, commit add28e94.