# \*ṯ̣u/ir-: 'flint' 1, 'rock, mountain' 2

> Proto-Semitic *ṯ̣u/ir-, 'flint' 1, 'rock, mountain' 2: reflexes in 13 language(s).

A page of the Linear A Lexicon's research wiki, in [Wiki](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/index.md>) › [Kaphtor Semitic Roots](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/index.md>) › [ẓ](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/za/index.md>). Updated 2026-10-24.

## Root

| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Reconstruction | \*ṯ̣u/ir- |
| Meaning | 'flint' 1, 'rock, mountain' 2 |
| Basis | reconstruction SED; meaning SED, corrected |
| SED | SEDonline semet 328 |

## Reflexes

| Language | Form | Sources | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arabic | ẓurar-, ẓirr- 1 |  |  |
| Akkadian | ṣurru 1 (AHw 1114) | AHw 1114 |  |
| Mandaic Aramaic | ṭur- |  |  |
| Ugaritic | ɣr; ṣr (DULAT 779) | DULAT 779 | gloss withheld |
| Biblical Aramaic | ṭūr |  |  |
| Modern Aramaic | Urm ṭūr- |  |  |
| Hebrew | ṣōr 1; ṣūr (HALOT 1016) | HALOT 1016 | gloss withheld |
| Phoenician | ṣr (Krahmalkov 421) | Krahmalkov 421 | gloss withheld |
| Epigraphic South Arabian | ẓwr 2 (Sabaweb lemma 5554); Sab ẓrn 2 (Biella 224) | Sabaweb lemma 5554; Biella 224 | gloss withheld |
| Syrian Aramaic | ṭūr- |  |  |
| Aramaic | Pal ṭwr 2 |  |  |
| Judaic Aramaic | ṣirrā, ṣryrʾ, ṣərārā (HALOT 1052, 1055); ṭūrā (HALOT 1016) | HALOT 1052, 1055; HALOT 1016 | gloss withheld |
| Amorite | ṣūrum (Gelb AS 21, 34); ṣūru (Buck 2019, 333; Streck 2000, 117) | Gelb AS 21 34; Buck 2019, 333; Streck 2000 117 | gloss withheld |

A form keeps its source's gloss only when the source is public domain or openly licensed.

## Notes

PCS \*ṯ̣ūr- 'mountain' (Ug. ɣr, Hbr. ṣūr, Syr. ṭūrā, Sab. ṯ̣wr) is derived from \*ṯ̣Vrr- 'flint' (Kogan 2011, 190). Ugaritic writes the toponym ṣr 'Tyre' with ṣ, as Hebrew and Phoenician do (DULAT 779); the common noun is ɣr.

## Linked from

- [ẓ](<https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/za/index.md>)

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Page: https://linear-a.ai/wiki/semitic-roots/za/367_flint_1_rock_mountain_2/
Licence: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cite as: di Mino, Tom. 2026. Linear A Lexicon. Plasma AI. https://linear-a.ai/. Data: kaphtor, commit add28e94.