Proto-Semitic root
*šVmaʕ-
‘hear’
di Mino’s gloss: to hear, listen, heed, obey
Record 216 ↗ · SED semet 155 · Basis: SED
In Linear A1 entry
Notes
Syllabic iš-ma-aḫ /yišmaʿ/ ‘he heard’ in personal names from Ugarit or Emar (OLA80 §45.8).
Reflexes28 languages
East Semitic2
- Akkadianšemû (Kogan 2015, ch. 5 §2.3.2 no. 39)gloss withheld
- Eblaiticsa-ma-um /šamāʕum/ (VE 393, Kogan–Krebernik 2021b: 683 apud SEDonline 26; Krebernik 1983, 15)iš-má-ma, áš-da-ma, sa-ma-um /S-m-ʿ//Sāmiʿ/: names sa-mi-um, sá-me-um (Sanmartín GlOS 2, 251–252)/š-m-ʿ/ (cf. Akk. šemûm): names iš-má-da-ar, iš-má-da-ba-an, iš-má-da-mu, iš-má-ga-lu, iš-má-gàr-du, iš-má-ì-lum, iš-má-il/NI, iš-má-li-im, iš-má-ma-lik, iš-má-šum, iš-má-zi-kir, áš-ma-zi-kir /yaš-/with infixed /-ta-/: iš-da-má (Krebernik 1988, 50–52, 58)gloss withheld
Northwest Semitic10
- Mandaic Aramaicšma (MD 469)
- Ugariticšmʿ (Kogan 2015, ch. 5 §2.2.1 no. 39)gloss withheld
- Phoenicianšmʿ (Krahmalkov 470)gloss withheld
- Hebrewšmʕ (Kogan 2015, ch. 4 §3.1.1.1 no. 39)šamaʿšmʕh (DNWSI 1166)gloss withheld
- Syrian Aramaicšmʕ (Payne Smith 584)
- AramaicŠMʿ (Aramaic Root Atlas; DNWSI 1164)gloss withheld
- Punicšmʿ ‘hear’Anderson–Moser 2024 root šmʿ
- Judaic Aramaicmišmᵉʿā (HALOT 649)šəmaʿ (HALOT 1570; DJPA 558a apud CAL)gloss withheld
- Amoritešamaʿ, yašmaʿ/yišmaʿ (Buck 2019, 332–333)S-m-ʿ: ia-áš-ma-ḫu-um, iš-mi-il-la, si-ma-aḫ-ni-i-laSāmiʿ: sa-me-ḫu-um, sa-mi-um, lu-ḫa-a-a-sa-mu/mi-um (Ur III)maSmiʿ: ma-aš-mi-a-na-am (Sanmartín GlOS 2, 251–252)gloss withheld
- Biblical Aramaicšmʕ (HALOT 1570)gloss withheld
Arabic2
- Arabicsmʕ [-a-] (Lane 1427)
- Pre-Islamic North ArabianSafaitic smʿ (Al-Jallad–Jaworska 122)Dadanitic smʿHismaic smʿ(t)Taymanitic smʿDumaitic smʿThamudic B smʿDhofari smʿ (Al-Jallad 2026, 133)gloss withheld
Epigraphic South Arabian1
- Epigraphic South ArabiansmʕSab smʿ (Biella 338; Sabaweb lemma 3265)gloss withheld
Ethiopic and Modern South Arabian13
- Mehrihēma
- Soqotrihyemaʕ
- Harsusihōma (mēšmēʔ)gloss withheld
- Tigresämʕa (Kogan 2015, ch. 7 §2.2 no. 39)
- Geezsmʕsamʿa (Kogan 2015, ch. 7 §2.2 no. 39)gloss withheld
- Guragesäma
- Amharicsämma (Kogan 2015, ch. 7 §2.2 no. 39)
- Hararisämaʾa [LHar 140]gloss withheld
- Gafatsämmä
- Argobbasämma
- Tigrinyasämʕe (Kogan 2015, ch. 7 §2.2 no. 39)
- East EthiopicSel. säma (EDG 545 apud SEDonline 26)gloss withheld
- Jibbališĩʕ (JL 262 apud SEDonline 26)pf. var. šãʿ (Rubin 2014 670)gloss withheld
† Gloss withheld: the cited dictionary’s licence is closed, so its form and page stand without its gloss.