Proto-Semitic root
*ṯūm-
‘garlic (Allium sativum)’
di Mino’s gloss: garlic
Record S34 ↗ · Basis: kaphtor
In Linear A1 entry
Notes
Biconsonantal root *ṯ-m with long ū (possibly < *ṯawm- via monophthongization, yielding triconsonantal *ṯ-w-m). Regular interdental reflexes: Arabic preserves *ṯ; Hebrew/Akkadian *ṯ > š; Aramaic *ṯ > t. The Hebrew attestation (Num 11:5) lists garlic among the foods of Egypt remembered in the wilderness.
Reflexes11 languages
East Semitic2
- Akkadianšūmu (CAD Š/3 298; AHw. 1275)gloss withheld
- Eblaiticšu-mi (MEE 3, 61v. iv 6; Kogan 2012: 248 apud SEDonline 475)gloss withheld
Northwest Semitic5
- Hebrewšūm (שׁוּם) (HALOT 1442; Num 11:5 haššūmīm)gloss withheld
- Judaic Aramaictūmā (תּוּמָא) "garlic" (Ja. 1654)
- Syrian Aramaictūmā "garlic" (Brock. 819)
- AramaicSml. šmy (HALOT 1442)šūm (LGz. 501)gloss withheld
- Mandaic Aramaictum (HALOT 1442)gloss withheld
Ethiopic and Modern South Arabian3
- Mehriṯəmēt (Kogan 2011, 203)gloss withheld
- Jibbaliṯuhm (Kogan 2011, 203)gloss withheld
- Geezsum (LGz. 501)gloss withheld
† Gloss withheld: the cited dictionary’s licence is closed, so its form and page stand without its gloss.