*śVhVd-: 'bear witness'

Root

Language	Form	Sources	Note
Epigraphic South Arabian	s²hd (SD 132) (Sabaweb lemma 5074)	SD 132; Sabaweb lemma 5074	gloss withheld
Arabic	šhd (QAC شهد; Kogan 2015, ch. 6 §4 no. 11)	QAC شهد; Kogan 2015 ch. 6 §4 no. 11	gloss withheld
Aramaic	šhd, shd, śāhădī (HALOT 1311); šhdw (DNWSI 1113)	HALOT 1311; DNWSI 1113	gloss withheld
Syrian Aramaic	shed 'witness, testify; be martyred' (Payne Smith 362)	Payne Smith 362
Biblical Aramaic	sāhădūtā (HALOT 1985 apud SEDonline 336)	HALOT 1985; SEDonline 336	gloss withheld
Judaic Aramaic	shd (Kogan 2015, ch. 6 §4 no. 11)	Kogan 2015 ch. 6 §4 no. 11	gloss withheld
Pre-Islamic North Arabian	Safaitic śhdt (Al-Jallad 2026, 139)	Al-Jallad 2026 139	gloss withheld

A form keeps its source's gloss only when the source is public domain or openly licensed.

Updated 22 October 2026