*ṯalāṯ-: 'three'
Root
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Reconstruction | *ṯalāṯ- |
| Meaning | 'three' |
| Basis | project |
Reflexes
| Language | Form | Sources | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ugaritic | ṯlṯ (OLA80 §35.2, §35.7-8) | OLA80 §35.2, §35.7-8 | |
| Hebrew | šālōšā (OLA80 §35.2, §35.7-8) | OLA80 §35.2, §35.7-8 | |
| Aramaic | təlātā (OLA80 §35.2, §35.7-8); tlyt; tlt (DNWSI 1216) | OLA80 §35.2, §35.7-8; DNWSI 1216 | gloss withheld |
| Arabic | ṯalāṯa (OLA80 §35.2, §35.7-8) | OLA80 §35.2, §35.7-8 | |
| Epigraphic South Arabian | Sab s2lṯ, s2lṯt (mostly an early form); s2lṯy (SD 132; Sabaweb lemma 1467); ṯlṯ, ṯlṯt (middle and late periods); ṯlṯy (SD 150; Biella 544, 545; Sabaweb lemma 1703) | SD 132; Sabaweb lemma 1467; SD 150; Biella 544, 545; Sabaweb lemma 1703 | gloss withheld |
| Akkadian | šalāš (AHw 1146) | AHw 1146; Anderson–Moser 2024 root ṯlṯ | gloss withheld |
| Punic | šlš, šlšt (T 319); šlšm (T 320); šlšʾ (T 319) | T 319; T 320 | gloss withheld |
| Tigre | salas (HALOT 1544) | HALOT 1544 | |
| Phoenician | šlš, šlšt (T 319); šlšm (T 320); šlšn (Krahmalkov 466) | T 319; T 320; Krahmalkov 466 | gloss withheld |
| Syrian Aramaic | tlāt 'three' (Payne Smith 614) | Payne Smith 614 | |
| Modern South Arabian | Bathari ŝōṯēt, ŝəwṯēt, ŝəlṯēt (Gasparini - Morris 2025 161 apud SEDonline 852) | SEDonline 852 | gloss withheld |
| Pre-Islamic North Arabian | Safaitic ṯlṯ (Al-Jallad–Jaworska 136); Safaitic ṯlṯn; Dadanitic ṯlṯn (Al-Jallad–Jaworska 136) | Al-Jallad–Jaworska 136 | gloss withheld |
| Gurage | Cha. Ezha Msq. Gog. Sod. sost, End. Enn. Gye. soˀost, Muh. so̢st (EDG 564 apud SEDonline 853) | EDG 564; SEDonline 853 | gloss withheld |
| Argobba | suˀst, sost, soˀost (AAD 157, Leslau 1997:219–220, Wetter 2010:269 apud SEDonline 853) | AAD 157, Leslau 1997:219–220, Wetter 2010:269; SEDonline 853 | gloss withheld |
| East Ethiopic | Sel. šēšt, Wol. Zwy. šešt (EDG 564 apud SEDonline 853) | EDG 564; SEDonline 853 | gloss withheld |
| Gafat | sʷostä (Leslau 1956:233 apud SEDonline 853) | Leslau 1956:233; SEDonline 853 | gloss withheld |
| Harari | šiˀišti, šīšti (EDH 144 apud SEDonline 853) | EDH 144; SEDonline 853 | gloss withheld |
| Amharic | sost (AED 502, Ludolf 24 apud SEDonline 853) | AED 502, Ludolf 24; SEDonline 853 | gloss withheld |
| Tigrinya | sälästä (TED 625 apud SEDonline 853) | TED 625; SEDonline 853 | gloss withheld |
| Harsusi | ŝeláyṯ (HL 120 apud SEDonline 852) | HL 120; SEDonline 852 | gloss withheld |
| Jibbali | ŝhəléṯ, ŝɔṯét (JL 253 apud SEDonline 852) | JL 253; SEDonline 852 | gloss withheld |
| Mehri | ŝhəlīṯ, ŝaṯáyt (ML 380 apud SEDonline 852) | ML 380; SEDonline 852 | gloss withheld |
| Soqotri | ẓ̂áˀteʰ (LS 360; SLOnline 7235); śile (LGz. 530) | LS 360; SLOnline 7235; LGz. 530 | gloss withheld |
| Biblical Aramaic | təlāt (HALOT 1544) | HALOT 1544 | gloss withheld |
| Mandaic Aramaic | tlata (LGz. 530) | LGz. 530 |
A form keeps its source's gloss only when the source is public domain or openly licensed.
Notes
OLA80 §35.7-8: Lipiński reconstructs an initial lateral, *ślṯ, on South Semitic Geʿez śalās and Sab. s²- (cf. Libyco-Berber kraḍ/šarḍ); NWS, Arabic and Akkadian point to *ṯalāṯ-.
Updated 22 October 2026