Inked inscription · Knossos

KN Zc 7

Site
Knossos
Object
Inked inscription
Period
MM III?
Scribe
—
Findspot
Knossos, upper MM III floor above the Basement of the Monolithic Pillars, with KN Zc 6 (Evans, PoM I 587–588, 616)
Edition
GORILA IV

Text2 lines

Linear ATransliteration
  1. 1A-KA-NU-ZA-TIDU-RA-REA-ZU-RA
  2. 2JA-SA-RA-A-NA-NEWI-PI-[?]

TranslationCandidate

This bowl, a dove—O Athirat, righteous is (thy) grace …

Word by word7 words

  • A-KA-NUʾagānubowl (self-referential vessel label)Confirmed
  • ZA-TIzātthis (f.sg. demonstrative)Candidate
  • DU-RA-REdurārdove (offering bird)Probable
  • A-ZU-RAʾAṯiratAthirat (the Goddess)Candidate
  • JA-SA-RAyašararighteous isCandidate
  • A-NA-NEḥanānfavor, graceCandidate
  • WI-PI-[?]unread

Commentary

Context: ritual text painted inside a mended short conical cup; no numerals.

GORILA IV, 125 begins directly with complete A-KA-NU-ZA-TI and marks no opening lacuna, so there is no positive evidence for a lost word before A-KA-NU. Gordon segments that continuous group as A-KA-NU | ZA-TI. ZA-TI may be /zāt/ ‘this’ (historically perhaps /zāʾt/), with TI spelling final /t/ and a nonphonemic support vowel. Hebrew zō(ʾ)t supplies the lexical parallel. Phoenician ʾGN is feminine, and FK D 35 hʾgn hz ‘this bowl’ supplies the closest structural parallel (Krahmalkov 2000, 31). Its postposed Semitic order is rendered naturally in English as ‘this bowl.’ The rival /ḏāti/ ‘of’ fits less well: its final /i/ is a live genitive ending, and the agreement frame it needs is absent. The segmentation remains CANDIDATE: ZA-TI is a hapax, SigLA reads ZE rather than ZA, and final TI = /t/ is not independently established. DU-RA-RE is durār ‘dove’, Hebrew dərôr, a bird (HALOT, 230), the offering a votary holds out beside the Knossian Dove Goddess (Evans, PoM II 337, 339); the cups lay above the crypt of the dove vase (PoM I 587). A Nabataean inscription from Petra begins [d]nh ʾgnʾ dy qrb, ‘This is the basin which ... offered,’ and proceeds to the deity and bšlm šlm, ‘in peace, peace’ (CIS II 423b; Milik 1972, 109; Alpass 2013, 102 no. 16); it supports the vessel–deity–blessing frame but contains an explicit dedication verb. JA-SA-RA | A-NA-NE puts the predicate first, as kî-yāšār dəbar-YHWH ‘for righteous is the word of YHWH’ (Ps 33:4) and kî-yāšār YHWH (Ps 92:16). The final group is WI-PI-[·] (GORILA IV, 125), one sign lost after PI. Not readable.

Epigraphic note

GORILA IV, 122–125 begins the diplomatic transcription with complete A-KA-NU-ZA-TI and marks no opening lacuna; there is no positive evidence for a lost word before A-KA-NU. Gordon segments A-KA-NU | ZA-TI, provisionally /ʾagānu zāt/, ‘this bowl.’ The closest inscriptional vessel formula is Nabataean [d]nh ʾgnʾ dy qrb, ‘This is the basin which ... offered,’ followed by a deity and bšlm šlm, ‘in peace, peace’ (CIS II 423b; Milik 1972, 109; Alpass 2013, 102 no. 16). Safaitic f h lt s¹lm w h bʿls¹mn rwḥ, ‘O Allāt [grant] security and O Baalshamin [grant] relief,’ supplies a structural parallel for an omitted petition verb after the divine invocation (OCIANA AAEK 123 = ASFF 246). DU-RA-RE is durār ‘dove’, Hebrew I דְּרוֹר, a bird (HALOT, 230), the offering of the Knossian Dove Goddess’s votary (Evans, PoM II 337, 339). The mended cup is damaged at the end of the final group: WI and PI are readable, followed by an unidentifiable terminal trace or lost continuation. Record the group as WI-PI-[…]; whether the missing element was another sign or a divider cannot be determined.

Linear A Lexicon