*ṣ̂arr- 1, *ṣ̂rr- 2, 3: 'enemy' 1, 'be hostile' 2, 'inflict harm' 3

Root

FieldValue
Reconstruction*ṣ̂arr- 1, *ṣ̂rr- 2, 3
Meaning'enemy' 1, 'be hostile' 2, 'inflict harm' 3
BasisSED
SEDSEDonline semet 19

Reflexes

LanguageFormSourcesNote
Arabicḍrr [-u-] 2 (BK 2, 14)BK 2, 14
Mehriźǝr (JM 477)JM 477gloss withheld
Soqotriḍér(r) (LS 364)LS 364gloss withheld
Akkadianṣerru 1 (CAD Ṣ 137) (AHw. 1093)CAD Ṣ 137; AHw. 1093gloss withheld
Harsusiźer/yeźráwr (JH 152)JH 152gloss withheld
Tigreṣarärä (LH 636)LH 636gloss withheld
Ugariticṣr-t 1 (DULAT 780)DULAT 780
Geezḍar 1, ḍrr 2 (LGz. 152)LGz. 152
Biblical AramaicBib. *ʕar 'foe' (BDB 1108)BDB 1108
Modern Arabicḍar 1
Phoenicianṣrt (T 281)T 281gloss withheld
Jibbaliẕ́err (JJ 326); ẓ́érét (Rubin 2014 674)JJ 326; Rubin 2014 674gloss withheld
Hebrewṣar 1 (HALOT 1052), ṣwr 2 (HALOT 1015)HALOT 1052; HALOT 1015
Amharictäṭarrärä (K 2114)K 2114gloss withheld
Epigraphic South ArabianSab. ḍr 1 (SD 42; Sabaweb lemma 1505); ḍrrw 2 (SD 42); Qat. ḍr (Ricks 140), Min. ḍr (LM 31)SD 42; Sabaweb lemma 1505; Ricks 140; LM 31gloss withheld
Judaic AramaicJPA ʕrr (DJPA 421a apud CAL), ʕrʕr (DJPA 420b apud CAL)DJPA 421a; CAL; DJPA 420bgloss withheld
AramaicSamal *ṣr, DA Pl. abs. ḳrn 1 (HJ 974)HJ 974
Tigrinyaṣär 1 (KT 2561); täṣarärä (KT 2564)KT 2561; KT 2564gloss withheld
Syrian Aramaicʿarrətā (HALOT 1054)HALOT 1054gloss withheld
Mandaic Aramaicṣara (LGz. 152; MD 388)LGz. 152; MD 388
Pre-Islamic North ArabianSafaitic ḍr (Al-Jallad–Jaworska 68); ḍr; Taymanitic ḍr (Al-Jallad 2026, 43)Al-Jallad–Jaworska 68; Al-Jallad 2026 43gloss withheld
Emarṣa-ra-ri, [ṣa]-ar-ra-ri /ṣarrā̆ru/ (Pentiuc 2001, 161–162)Pentiuc 2001 161–162gloss withheld

A form keeps its source's gloss only when the source is public domain or openly licensed.

Notes

Amharic ṣär (K 2251) and ṣärärä (K 2252) may be Geez loans. Mandaic ṣara (LGz. 152) has ṣ against the ʿ of Syriac ʿarrətā and JPA ʕrr.

Updated 22 October 2026

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Linear A Lexicon