A-TI-RU

ʿAttiru, personal name, the nisbe 'man of ʿAṯtar'; rival ʿatīru 'entreated'

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Reading
ʿAttiru
Confidence
Speculative
Root
*ʕaṯtar- ‘ʕAṯtar (astral god)’
Kind
Personal name
Language
Semitic
Rank
Amorite-linked appendix

Compared forms

  • Ugariticʿṯtr ʿAṯtaru, Venus-star god (KTU 1.6 i 54-65)
  • AkkadianIštar (i-vocalism of the same DN)
  • AmoriteAštar divine element (Gelb AS 21; cuneiform š for /ṯ/); assimilated Attar in [A]t-ta-ri-ša-du-u[q] (Huffmon 1965, 173)
  • Sabaicʿṯtr, chief deity of the South Arabian pantheon
  • HebrewʿAštōret (feminine, post-merger shape—contrast case)

Attestations1 cited

  1. ZA 4aA-TI-RU 4personal name (ʿAṯtar theophoric), 4 units

Commentary

ZA 4a, a Zakros tablet: a roster slot of 4 units, directly before the personal name JA-PA. ʿAṯtar with ṯt assimilated to tt, as in Amorite [A]t-ta-ri-ša-du-u[q] (Huffmon 1965, 173: "perhaps an assimilated form representing *Attar"); the geminate is unwritten and ʿayin rides the plain vowel sign. Canaanite merged ṯ with š only after the Bronze Age. The i has precedent in the family’s Akk. Ištar (CAD I/J 271; PS *ʕaṯtart-), where Ebla keeps aš-dar, or marks the nisbe ʿAttirī, which the roster slot favors. Rival: ʿatīru ‘entreated’ (√ʿ-t-r; Gen 25:21 wayyēʿāter; HALOT 905), which fits a-ti-ru as written.

On the 3D inscriptions

Not written on any of the 82 inscriptions modelled so far.

Linear A Lexicon