Proto-Semitic root
*yad- ~ *ʾid-
‘hand’
di Mino’s gloss: hand, arm, power; in the charge of
Record 2046 ↗ · SED semet 2239 · Basis: SED
In Linear A10 entries
*333-DI-NA-SU-KAbīdi NašūkaIn the charge of Našūka ('the Bitten one')—custody formula + personal name on a sealed…SpeculativeSemitic1*333-DI-SU-KAbīdi SūkaIn the charge of Sūka—custody formula + personal name on a sealed receiptSpeculativeSemitic1I-DAʾIdaIda, 'the Hand' (sacred mountain—toponym/theonym)ProbableSemitic6I-DA-AʾIdaof Ida (diptotic genitive after DU-*314-RE)ProbableSemitic13DI-DA-MIʾIda=miIda, 'the Hand', the sacred mountain, with emphatic enclitic -miCandidateSemitic13DI-DA-PA₃-I-SA-RIʾIdā bi-ʾišarīIda, in righteousness (toponym + prepositional phrase written as one word)CandidateSemitic13DI-DU-NE-SIYidu-naḥšiStrength is alive, the arm thrives (personal name)SpeculativeSemitic1I-DU-TIYidu-tientity name: yidu 'strength' with TISpeculativeSemitic13DJA-DIYadiHand (personal name)SpeculativeSemitic1JE-DIyedīgentilic 'the Idaean' (of Mount Ida)CandidateSemitic43D
Notes
Assyro-Babylonian idu < *yadu shows ya- > i- monophthongization (Lipiński OLA80 §22.14). Change a > i regular before weak consonants in Akkadian (§21.10).
Reflexes28 languages
East Semitic2
- Akkadianidu OA on [CAD i 10], [AHw 363].
- Eblaitic/yid-/ (ma-u₉ i-da, VE 626a; Krebernik 1983, 24)/yad/: cf. name a-du-nai-da, i-da-da, i-tim /yid, yidat/names i-du-na, ì-du-na, i-du-a (Sanmartín GlOS 2, 370–371)i-da-2 /yidayn/ (dual), in ma-ḫa-zi i-da-2 (= Sum. šu-šu-ra) (VE 531; Bonechi 2008, 14)gloss withheld
Northwest Semitic11
- Mandaic Aramaicʕda [DM 341]
- Ugariticyd [Aist 127]
- Biblical Aramaic*yad (BDB 1094)
- Phoenicianyd [T 123]bd (Krahmalkov 97–98)gloss withheld
- Punicbd (Krahmalkov 98)bodNeo-Punic bud, bod (Krahmalkov 97)gloss withheld
- Modern AramaicMAL īḏa [Berg 19] TUR īḏo [R Ṭūrōyo 115] MLH izo [J Mlah 179] HRT ʔida [J Hert 182] NASS īdä [Tser 095] URM iydǝ [R Urmi 99] ZKH ʔīz₂a [R Zakho 105] MMND īd, emph. īda [M MND 505] GZR ʔíza [Nak 69] AZR ida [Garb 310] IRAN *eydā [Pen 75]gloss withheld
- Hebrewyād (HALOT 386)
- Judaic Aramaicyǝdā [Ja 564]also ʔīdā, ʔayḏā (only TargYer) [ibid. 45]yad, ʔīd, det. yǝdā [DJPA 234b apud CAL]gloss withheldJa 45
- Syrian Aramaicʔīdā [Brock 295].
- AramaicSML DAL OLD OFF NBT PLM yd [HJ 435]
- Amoritejadum, jidum (Gelb AS 21, 21)yid, yidat: i-di, i-di-ia, cf. i-da-nu-um (Ur III) (Sanmartín GlOS 2, 371)gloss withheld
Arabic2
- Arabicyad- [BK 2 1624]
- Pre-Islamic North ArabianSafaitic yd (Al-Jallad–Jaworska 142)Dadanitic ydTaymanitic ydThamudic B ydHasaitic ydDhofari yd (Al-Jallad 2026, 171)gloss withheld
Epigraphic South Arabian1
- Epigraphic South ArabianSAB yd [SD 167; Sabaweb lemma 1579], QAT yd [Ricks 81], MIN yd [LM 108]
Ethiopic and Modern South Arabian12
- Mehriḥayd [JM 460]gloss withheld
- Soqotriʔed [LS 52]Qalan.-B. hēd, Hadibo ʔəʔəd.
- Harsusiḥayd [JH 146]gloss withheld
- Tigreʔǝde [LH 383]
- East EthiopicSEL ǝnǯe, WOL ǝnǯ, ZWY ǝñǯi [LGur 28-29]
- Geezʔǝd [LGz 7].
- GurageCHA EŽA END ENN GYE MUH MSQ GOG SOD äǯ [LGur 28]gloss withheld
- Jibbaliéd [JJ 313]gloss withheld
- Amharicǝǯǯ [K 1313]
- Harariiǯi [LHar 22]
- Tigrinyaʔid [Bass 562]
- Argobbaənǯ (SED I 262)
† Gloss withheld: the cited dictionary’s licence is closed, so its form and page stand without its gloss.