*188

commodity ideogram, a Pistacia/terebinth product (resin, mastic or nuts)

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Reading
buṭnu
Confidence
Probable
Root
*buṭm(-at)- ‘terebinth, pistachio’
Kind
Commodity
Language
Semitic
Rank
#40 of the top 100

Compared forms

  • Akkadianbuṭnubuṭnu ‘terebinth’ (CAD B 358); buṭuttu A ‘pistachio tree, wood, nut’ (CAD B 359)
  • Hebrewboṭnîmboṭnîm ‘pistachio nuts’, among the choice products of the land sent down to Egypt, Gen 43:11 (HALOT 121)

Attestations28 cited

  1. HT 8bSU-PU₂-*188 1
  2. HT 15*188 KI-RO 400
  3. HT 16*188+KU ³⁄₈
  4. HT 20*188+KU ¹⁄₂
  5. HT 26b*188-*86 7
  6. HT 56a*188
  7. HT 98b]*188[terebinth/pistachio products
  8. HT 103*188 13commodity ideogram, a Pistacia/terebinth product

Commentary

HT 123+124b, damaged, has three forms: *188-*308 11, *188 1 and *188-DU 10, quantities with no recoverable relation. *308, pressed oil, also follows OLIV on HT 123+124a. *188 stands with VIN on HT 98b, on the Khania roundels, and as *188-DU-SE on PSI Za 1, a ritual text. buṭnu, a Pistacia product: Heb. boṭnîm ‘pistachio nuts’ (Gen 43:11; HALOT 121), Akk. buṭnu ‘terebinth’ (CAD B 358), Arb. buṭm ‘terebinth, its fruit’ (Lane 219). Ebla writes the word bù-da-ma-tim and GIŠ.EŠ₁₁ = buₓ-du-du ‘pistachio’ (GlOS 1, 131), and has bu₃-du-du as a name (Pagan 1998, row 1278). Weak point: PA₃-*188 (HT 8b) supports a b-initial reading only with PA₃ as a phonetic complement, and Soldani’s derivation of *188 from CH 009 (Ferrara, Montecchi and Valério 2022, 96) fixes neither the commodity nor its name. Twenty-eight attestations.

On the 3D inscriptions

Not written on any of the 82 inscriptions modelled so far.

Linear A Lexicon