Proto-Semitic root
*dyn-
‘to judge, govern’ 1, ‘judgment, legal case’ 2, ‘judge’ 3
di Mino’s gloss: to judge; judge, verdict, judgment
Record S36 ↗ · Basis: kaphtor
In Linear A7 entries
DA-NA-TUdānatupersonal name (f.), 'she who judges'SpeculativeSemitic1DI-NA-RODānīlo / Dānīlupersonal name ("El judges"—Ugaritic hero-king Dāniʾēlu)CandidateSemitic1DI-NA-UDīnāyupersonal name: hypocoristic of a √d-y-n name ('Judge')CandidateSemitic53DDI-NEdīnjudgment (name element)SpeculativeSemitic1DI-NIDīnīpersonal name, 'My judgment' (short form of a √d-y-n name)SpeculativeSemitic2DI-RE-DI-NAʾaddīr-dīnāmighty is the verdict (compound sentence name)SpeculativeSemitic1O-RA₂-DI-NEʾŌl-dīnpersonal name, 'the Foremost is judge' (Ugaritic PN ảwldn)SpeculativeSemitic1
Notes
Biconsonantal CīC paradigm (Lipiński OLA80 §44.5-8). OB: idīn (pret), idân (imperf), dīn/dīnā (imp), dīn/dīnū (stat). Heb: yādīn. CīC sub-class alongside šīm and šīr.
Reflexes20 languages
East Semitic2
- Akkadiandânudayyānudīnu (Leslau CDG 146)gloss withheld
- Eblaiticda-ne-u[m] /daynim/ (gen.), in ba-da-gu da-ne-u[m] (VE 1327; Krebernik 1983, 43)/d-y-n/ 1, 3: names i-da-nu, ti-ti-na/nucf. i-da-i-nu (Sanmartín GlOS 1, 155)gloss withheld
Northwest Semitic7
- Ugariticdn (DULAT 272)dn (DULAT 273)tdn (KTU 1.17 vi 33)ydn (KTU 1.16 vi 33–45)gloss withheld
- Hebrewdīndāyāndīn (Leslau CDG 146)gloss withheld
- Mandaic Aramaicdun (v.), daiana (n.) (LGz. 146)gloss withheld
- Amoritedjn: jadīn, dīnum (Gelb AS 21, 17)dān, ladīn, dīn (Buck 2019, 326)d-y-n 1, 3: ia/i-di-nim, ia-di-in-ᵈIMdān 1, 3: a-bi-da-an (Sanmartín GlOS 1, 155)gloss withheld
- Syrian Aramaicdān 'judgeplead, contend' (Payne Smith 86)
- Biblical Aramaicdyn 1 (HALOT 220)dīn 2 (HALOT 220)*dayyān 3 (HALOT 220)gloss withheld
- Aramaicdyn (DNWSI 246)dn (DNWSI 254)gloss withheld
Arabic2
- Arabicdānadīndayyān (Leslau CDG 146)gloss withheld
- Pre-Islamic North ArabianSafaitic mdnt (Al-Jallad 2026, 36)gloss withheld
Epigraphic South Arabian1
- Epigraphic South Arabiandyn (HALOT 220) (Sabaweb lemma 5648)Qat. dyn 2 (Ricks 1982 s.v. dyn)gloss withheld
Ethiopic and Modern South Arabian8
- Geezdayyana, dayyāni (n.) (LGz. 146)dānaya, danaya, dānāyi (n.) (LGz. 139)gloss withheld
- Amharicdännäyä (LGz. 139)daňňä, daňňa (n.) (LGz. 146)gloss withheld
- Tigrinyadäyyänä, danäyä, dayna, daňňa (LGz. 139, 146)gloss withheld
- Hararidaňňa (n.) (LGz. 139, 146)gloss withheld
- Tigredanya, dayna (LGz. 146)gloss withheld
- Argobbadaňňa (n.) (LGz. 146)gloss withheld
- Guragedaňňä (LGz. 146)
- East EthiopicWol. daññä, Zwy. dāñña (EDG 216 apud SEDonline 1991)gloss withheld
† Gloss withheld: the cited dictionary’s licence is closed, so its form and page stand without its gloss.