SA-RU

king, prince (administrative title/category)

clay tagDrag to turn
Reading
šarru
Confidence
Candidate
Root
*ŝarr- ‘king, prince, official’
Kind
Personnel
Language
Semitic
Rank
#87 of the top 100

Compared forms

  • Akkadianšarrušarru ‘king’
  • Ugaritic𐎒𐎗𐎐srnsrn ‘prince’ (DULAT 759)
  • Hebrewsǝrānīmsǝrānīm ‘city-princes’ (KB 727); śar ‘prince, chief’ belongs with Akkadian šarru
  • Arabicsarw-sarw- ‘chief, prince’; sarīr- ‘royal dignity’ (BK I 1076)

Attestations6 cited

  1. HT 86a3DSA-RU 20king, prince; rival 'barley'
  2. HT 86bSA-RU 20king, prince; rival 'barley'
  3. HT 95a3DSA-RU 20king, prince; rival 'barley'
  4. HT 95b3DSA-RU 10king, prince; rival 'barley'
  5. HT 123+124a3DSA-RU OLIV 16king, prince (recipient category)
  6. HT 94b3DSA-RU 1king/official (title)

Commentary

HT 86a and 86b (A-KA-RU · KU-NI-SU GRA+K+L 20, SA-RU 20, DI-DE-RU 20, QA-RA₂-WA 10), HT 95a (DA-DU-MA-TA · GRA, SA-RU 20 among DA-ME, MI-NU-TE, KU-NI-SU, DI-DE-RU and QE-RA₂-U) and HT 95b (A-DU · SA-RU 10, the same list): an entry in grain lists. HT 123+124a SA-RU OLIV 16, *308 4, beside KI-TA-I, PU-VIN and DA-TU; HT 94b SA-RU 1, one of five entries totalled KU-RO 5. šarru ‘king’, Akk. šarru (CAD Š/2 76), Heb. śar ‘official, prince’ (HALOT 1350): a title or category. Rivals: Ug. srn ‘prince’ (DULAT 759) and Heb. sərānîm, the governors of the five Philistine cities (HALOT 770); śaʿru ‘barley’ (Woudhuizen 2016, 226; Heb. śəʿōrâ, Ug. šʿrm, Old Aramaic šʿrh), ʿ unwritten, a grain kind beside QE-RA₂-U ‘parched grain’, which fits the four grain lists but not the olive and roster entries. See SA-RA.

On the 3D inscriptions4 inscriptions

Linear A Lexicon